Penetration Testers
Penetration testers simulate cyberattacks on computer networks and systems to find security weaknesses before criminals do. They use hacking tools and techniques to breach defenses, attempting to access sensitive data and critical systems. Most work for cybersecurity firms, tech companies, government agencies, or as independent contractors.
Four short assessments and your background, scored against penetration testers and 13,000 other careers — with the reasons. Free.
A day in the work
A penetration tester might spend a week planning an attack strategy against a client's network, then execute the simulated breach using specialized software and techniques. They document every vulnerability found, take screenshots of unauthorized access, and write detailed reports explaining the security gaps and how to fix them. Work involves both technical hands-on hacking and meetings to present findings to clients or management.
Who this work suits
Holland code ICR. Investigative work is figuring things out: analysis, research, problem-solving. Aptly’s interest assessment scores you on the same six scales.
You enjoy investigating systems methodically to uncover hidden problems and prefer structured, rule-based work with clear objectives. You're detail-oriented, comfortable following established security standards and compliance frameworks, and driven by the satisfaction of finding and documenting flaws before real attackers do.
What it takes
Preparation: Considerable preparation (most need a bachelor’s degree and several years of experience).
Skills that matter most
Knowledge areas
Who is hiring
Pay by state
| State | 25th pct | Median | 75th pct | Employed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| District of Columbia | $123,360 | $156,590 | $180,480 | 17,200 |
| Maryland | $114,920 | $144,680 | $165,730 | 19,060 |
| Colorado | $100,150 | $139,580 | $160,520 | 11,800 |
| Virginia | $108,160 | $139,030 | $165,320 | 17,000 |
| Delaware | $103,620 | $137,470 | $170,170 | 860 |
| California | $87,350 | $134,440 | $179,730 | 80,150 |
| Washington | $84,540 | $128,940 | $168,030 | 14,360 |
| Connecticut | $88,980 | $127,720 | $150,440 | 3,100 |
| New Mexico | $92,560 | $127,090 | $167,970 | 1,650 |
| Hawaii | $99,630 | $120,100 | $135,680 | 2,080 |
| New York | $83,790 | $116,990 | $162,510 | 11,460 |
| South Carolina | $80,120 | $112,260 | $136,990 | 4,300 |
All 50 states, D.C. and Puerto Rico
Certifications people in this field hold
- Construction Documents Technologist (CDT) — Construction Specifications Institute
- Cloud Technology Associate Certification (CTA) — Cloud Credential Council
- Cloud Services Design (CSD) — Dell Corporation
- Certified Documentation Improvement Practitioner (CDIP) — American Health Information Management Association
- CompTIA Project+ — Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA)
- WOW Certified Professional Web Administrator (CPWA) — World Organization of Webmasters
Training
Aptly members see WIOA-approved programs, colleges and certificates near them, with completion and earnings data, on every Path plan.
Job titles in this occupation
Related occupations
Four short assessments and your background, scored against penetration testers and 13,000 other careers — with the reasons. Free.
O*NET-SOC 15-1299.04 · O*NET OnLine. Pay: BLS OEWS May 2025, annual, U.S. Employment counts are national.